Protein: PARL
Presenilin-associated rhomboid-like protein, mitochondrial (EC 3.4.21.105) (Mitochondrial intramembrane cleaving protease PARL) [Cleaved into: P-beta (Pbeta)]

Gene: PARL
Organism: Homo sapiens
Interactions: 216
UniProt ID: Q9H300

Gene Ontology (top 5):
GO:0004175 - endopeptidase activity
GO:0004252 - serine-type endopeptidase activity
GO:0005634 - nucleus
GO:0005739 - mitochondrion
GO:0005743 - mitochondrial inner membrane

Download interactions: TXT   MITAB-2.5

Interaction Interactor Experiments Homologs Category Interaction
Score
Confidence

726406

BASI
Basigin

3

1

High-throughput

0.667

High

198984

RFOX2
RNA binding protein fox-1 homolog 2

3

0

High-throughput

0.638

High

1237883

ENAH
Protein enabled homolog

3

1

High-throughput

0.609

High

1291756

EF2KT
Protein-lysine N-methyltransferase EEF2KMT

3

1

High-throughput

0.609

High

1329824

ERGI3
Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment protein 3

3

1

High-throughput

0.609

High

1262355

GLMP
Glycosylated lysosomal membrane protein

2

0

High-throughput

0.602

High

1216265

H2A2B
Histone H2A type 2-B

2

0

High-throughput

0.585

High

525640

COX41
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial

2

1

High-throughput

0.584

High

1313258

MIC26
MICOS complex subunit MIC26

2

1

High-throughput

0.584

High

676615

CTR1
High affinity cationic amino acid transporter 1

2

1

High-throughput

0.574

High

325391

AIFM1
Apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial

2

0

High-throughput

0.559

High

1183219

COX15
Heme A synthase COX15

2

0

High-throughput

0.559

High

1218990

HSC20
Iron-sulfur cluster co-chaperone protein HscB

1

0

High-throughput

0.513

High

1327039

S22A4
Solute carrier family 22 member 4

1

0

High-throughput

0.513

High

1329835

CBPQ
Carboxypeptidase Q

1

0

High-throughput

0.513

High

156929

FFAR1
Free fatty acid receptor 1

1

1

High-throughput

0.489

High

172221

GP182
G-protein coupled receptor 182

1

1

High-throughput

0.489

High

600838

C5AR1
C5a anaphylatoxin chemotactic receptor 1

1

1

High-throughput

0.489

High

639940

ITB8
Integrin beta-8

1

5

High-throughput

0.489

High

706926

CD80
T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80

1

3

High-throughput

0.489

High

813983

GPR12
G-protein coupled receptor 12

1

1

High-throughput

0.489

High

1204235

F131B
Protein FAM131B

1

1

High-throughput

0.489

High

1254405

GTR12
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 12

1

1

High-throughput

0.489

High

1329823

VSIG4
V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing protein 4

1

2

High-throughput

0.489

High

118448

HAX1
HCLS1-associated protein X-1

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

215479

SCO2
Protein SCO2 homolog, mitochondrial

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

224657

TIM8A
Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim8 A

1

2

High-throughput

0.479

High

231157

OPA1
Dynamin-like GTPase OPA1, mitochondrial

1

3

High-throughput

0.479

High

274625

S2512
Electrogenic aspartate/glutamate antiporter SLC25A12, mitochondrial

1

3

High-throughput

0.479

High

276881

SCO1
Protein SCO1 homolog, mitochondrial

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

300823

GLSK
Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

307445

LETM1
Mitochondrial proton/calcium exchanger protein

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

371190

NU4M
NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 4

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

371242

NU5M
NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 5

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

673724

PPIF
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase F, mitochondrial

1

2

High-throughput

0.479

High

687285

P5CR1
Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1, mitochondrial

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

719136

PHB1
Prohibitin 1

1

2

Small-scale

0.479

High

795049

GPDM
Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial

1

2

High-throughput

0.479

High

800256

ACDSB
Short/branched chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

941426

RNF4
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF4

1

3

High-throughput

0.479

High

959044

TFAM
Transcription factor A, mitochondrial

1

2

High-throughput

0.479

High

1052385

NUCG
Endonuclease G, mitochondrial

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1122766

OCAD2
OCIA domain-containing protein 2

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1131488

SYVM
Valine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1135327

ATD3B
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 3B

1

3

High-throughput

0.479

High

1154115

SCMC2
Mitochondrial adenyl nucleotide antiporter SLC25A25

1

3

High-throughput

0.479

High

1156222

SCMC1
Mitochondrial adenyl nucleotide antiporter SLC25A24

1

3

High-throughput

0.479

High

1166786

MIC27
MICOS complex subunit MIC27

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1216927

T126B
Complex I assembly factor TMEM126B, mitochondrial

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1219644

UBR2
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase UBR2

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1223677

MICU2
Calcium uptake protein 2, mitochondrial

1

4

High-throughput

0.479

High

1232837

GUF1
Translation factor GUF1, mitochondrial

1

2

High-throughput

0.479

High

1241803

PDPR
Pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase regulatory subunit, mitochondrial

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1286357

P5CR2
Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 2

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1297462

IMP1L
Mitochondrial inner membrane protease subunit 1

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1301138

EFGM
Elongation factor G, mitochondrial

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1302839

IMP2L
Mitochondrial inner membrane protease subunit 2

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1303102

YMEL1
ATP-dependent zinc metalloprotease YME1L1

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1305255

PHB2
Prohibitin-2

1

2

Small-scale

0.479

High

1308648

MICU1
Calcium uptake protein 1, mitochondrial

1

4

High-throughput

0.479

High

1310400

MIC25
MICOS complex subunit MIC25

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1314782

SFXN3
Sideroflexin-3

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1315499

PINK1
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PINK1, mitochondrial

1

2

Small-scale

0.479

High

1327181

T126A
Transmembrane protein 126A

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1328821

S2551
Mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide transporter SLC25A51

1

4

High-throughput

0.479

High

1329803

ACAD9
Complex I assembly factor ACAD9, mitochondrial

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1329804

SFXN1
Sideroflexin-1

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1329811

SYIM
Isoleucine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1329812

ATD3A
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 3A

1

3

High-throughput

0.479

High

1329817

MIC19
MICOS complex subunit MIC19

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1329822

S2513
Electrogenic aspartate/glutamate antiporter SLC25A13, mitochondrial

1

3

High-throughput

0.479

High

1329825

EXOG
Nuclease EXOG, mitochondrial

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1329830

AFG32
Mitochondrial inner membrane m-AAA protease component AFG3L2

1

1

High-throughput

0.479

High

1329833

TIM8B
Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim8 B

1

2

High-throughput

0.479

High

1329834

TIM13
Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim13

1

2

High-throughput

0.479

High

121370

NDUS8
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

135689

NDKM
Nucleoside diphosphate kinase, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

197545

NDUS4
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 4, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

208662

TIM44
Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit TIM44

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

210587

NDUB5
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 5, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

210682

NDUB3
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 3

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

210798

NDUA2
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 2

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

212024

TRIA1
TP53-regulated inhibitor of apoptosis 1

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

217600

NDUS5
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 5

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

242193

TI17B
Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim17-B

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

258791

NDUS7
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

259150

NDUS2
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

261896

NDUS6
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

264629

MTX2
Metaxin-2

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

266816

NDUS3
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

271635

ERAL1
GTPase Era, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

297099

TOM70
Mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM70

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

306550

NDUB8
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 8, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

316449

MPC2
Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 2

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

330353

NDUBA
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 10

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

441149

CY1
Cytochrome c1, heme protein, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

454050

COX6C
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

495756

COX5B
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

519826

KCRU
Creatine kinase U-type, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

540760

CX6B1
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

542553

QCR7
Cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

584074

NDUV2
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

594969

COX5A
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

623370

AT5F1
ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

658162

NDUS1
NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

671519

ECHM
Enoyl-CoA hydratase, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

671922

PDIA3
Protein disulfide-isomerase A3

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

678070

SDHA
Succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

713614

GLYM
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

736189

HEM6
Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

777737

MDHM
Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

789990

LPPRC
Leucine-rich PPR motif-containing protein, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

818460

SOX2
Transcription factor SOX-2

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

829332

SYHM
Histidine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

835244

NDUV1
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 1, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

851970

NDUA8
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 8

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

864259

CCHL
Holocytochrome c-type synthase

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

873075

KAD2
Adenylate kinase 2, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

879945

NDUV3
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 3, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

880515

ATP5I
ATP synthase subunit e, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

901426

CH10
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

905489

TIM10
Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim10

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

925607

RAC1
Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

947484

RT35
Small ribosomal subunit protein mS35

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

948011

RT11
Small ribosomal subunit protein uS11m

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

949168

LACTB
Serine beta-lactamase-like protein LACTB, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

958520

CYC
Cytochrome c

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1067358

OXA1L
Mitochondrial inner membrane protein OXA1L

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1086489

NDUA5
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1086782

CLPP
ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1088644

MIC60
MICOS complex subunit MIC60

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1114353

TIM50
Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit TIM50

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1115827

COX19
Cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein COX19

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1116982

PPCEL
Prolyl endopeptidase-like

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1118927

MIX23
Protein MIX23

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1132626

THEM4
Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase THEM4

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1133193

CAF17
Putative transferase CAF17, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1136087

ATPF1
ATP synthase mitochondrial F1 complex assembly factor 1

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1149022

UQCC6
Ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex assembly factor 6

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1150487

TTC19
Tetratricopeptide repeat protein 19, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1161677

TMM65
Transmembrane protein 65

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1162937

ZNT9
Proton-coupled zinc antiporter SLC30A9, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1183692

TM10C
tRNA methyltransferase 10 homolog C

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1187938

RM21
Large ribosomal subunit protein bL21m

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1191377

ADCK2
Uncharacterized aarF domain-containing protein kinase 2

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1192974

COXM1
COX assembly mitochondrial protein homolog

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1222931

SUV3
ATP-dependent RNA helicase SUPV3L1, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1230610

NDUF2
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 2

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1231554

ARM10
Armadillo repeat-containing protein 10

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1253768

PNPT1
Polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase 1, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1260294

PTPM1
Phosphatidylglycerophosphatase and protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1268785

RT31
Small ribosomal subunit protein mS31

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1283203

F162A
Protein FAM162A

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1285865

COA7
Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 7

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1288067

RMD1
Regulator of microtubule dynamics protein 1

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1289296

OMA1
Metalloendopeptidase OMA1, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1289882

RT24
Small ribosomal subunit protein uS3m

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1290626

PTCD3
Small ribosomal subunit protein mS39

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1297248

DJC30
DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 30, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1309228

ECSIT
Evolutionarily conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathway, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1311093

TIM29
Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim29

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1311173

TACO1
Translational activator of cytochrome c oxidase 1

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1311316

CQ080
Mitochondrial nucleoid-associated protein 1

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1312569

NDUF3
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 3

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1315018

HINT2
Adenosine 5'-monophosphoramidase HINT2

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1317122

RT26
Small ribosomal subunit protein mS26

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1326512

SLIRP
SRA stem-loop-interacting RNA-binding protein, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1327235

CLPB
Mitochondrial disaggregase

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329729

RM46
Large ribosomal subunit protein mL46

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329801

OPA3
Optic atrophy 3 protein

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329802

EGLN3
Prolyl hydroxylase EGLN3

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329805

GRPE1
GrpE protein homolog 1, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329807

MRM3
rRNA methyltransferase 3, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329808

TIDC1
Complex I assembly factor TIMMDC1, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329813

PAPD1
Poly(A) RNA polymerase, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329814

TM242
Transmembrane protein 242

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329815

NDUBB
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 11, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329818

FAKD2
FAST kinase domain-containing protein 2, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329819

NDUF4
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 4

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329820

NDUAD
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 13

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329821

NDUAC
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 12

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329826

RT07
Small ribosomal subunit protein uS7m

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329827

PDIP2
Polymerase delta-interacting protein 2

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329828

CIA30
Complex I intermediate-associated protein 30, mitochondrial

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329829

TIM16
Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit TIM16

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329831

SAM50
Sorting and assembly machinery component 50 homolog

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329832

TIM9
Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim9

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329836

NFS1
Cysteine desulfurase

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

1329837

NDUB9
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 9

1

0

High-throughput

0.458

High

345016

CYTN
Cystatin-SN

1

1

Small-scale

0.437

High

528028

RINI
Ribonuclease inhibitor

1

1

High-throughput

0.437

High

556671

CBR1
Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 1

1

3

High-throughput

0.437

High

919673

RAP1A
Ras-related protein Rap-1A

1

2

High-throughput

0.437

High

1219595

UBR1
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase UBR1

1

1

High-throughput

0.437

High

1329800

PKHA4
Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family A member 4

1

1

High-throughput

0.437

High

1329816

OCAD1
OCIA domain-containing protein 1

1

1

High-throughput

0.437

High

1060428

KI2S5
Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS5

1

4

High-throughput

0.407

High

206925

CHSTA
Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 10

3

0

High-throughput

0.347

High

1329810

CAH10
Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 10

2

0

High-throughput

0.318

High

245415

RAMP3
Receptor activity-modifying protein 3

1

0

High-throughput

0.279

Low

439175

SYPH
Synaptophysin

1

0

High-throughput

0.279

Low

487051

LYAG
Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase

1

0

High-throughput

0.279

Low

505475

GTR1
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 1

1

0

High-throughput

0.279

Low

666349

NK3R
Neuromedin-K receptor

1

0

High-throughput

0.279

Low

771242

CD79B
B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein beta chain

1

0

High-throughput

0.279

Low

1100801

CL12B
C-type lectin domain family 12 member B

1

0

High-throughput

0.279

Low

1121460

CCD92
Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 92

1

0

High-throughput

0.279

Low

1267332

PHYIP
Phytanoyl-CoA hydroxylase-interacting protein

1

0

High-throughput

0.279

Low

1329141

VPS11
Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11 homolog

1

0

High-throughput

0.279

Low

451553

CLCA
Clathrin light chain A

1

0

High-throughput

0.249

Low

1198883

ACOT1
Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 1

1

0

High-throughput

0.249

Low

1286189

F136A
Protein FAM136A

1

0

High-throughput

0.249

Low

1290442

SIM12
Small integral membrane protein 12

1

0

High-throughput

0.249

Low

1290705

MMAB
Corrinoid adenosyltransferase MMAB

1

0

High-throughput

0.249

Low

1329806

PLRKT
Plasminogen receptor

1

0

High-throughput

0.249

Low

1329809

ANLN
Anillin

1

0

High-throughput

0.249

Low


Service provided by Combinatics, Japan

Last updated: 15 Jul 2024